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【SpringCloud】微服务架构编码构建

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简单搭建一个微服务框架，进而了解微服务

1. 父工程构建

    1. 构建总父工程（Maven项目）
      • 选择maven-archetyp-site
        • 注意：选择Maven选择自己的Maven版本
    1. 注解生效激活
      • setting -> Build, Execution, Deployment -> Compiler -> Annotation Processors
      • 勾选Enable annotation processing
    1. File Type过滤（过滤多余文件）
      • setting -> Editor -> File Types
      • 在Ignore Files and Folders中添加 *.idea;*.iml;

2. 修改pom.xml文件

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<groupId>com.letere.springcloud</groupId>
<artifactId>cloud2020</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>pom</packaging>

<!--统一管理jar包和版本-->
<properties>
  <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
  <maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
  <maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
  <junit.version>4.12</junit.version>
  <log4j.version>1.2.17</log4j.version>
  <lombok.version>1.16.18</lombok.version>
  <mysql.version>8.0.18</mysql.version>
  <druid.verison>1.1.16</druid.verison>
  <mybatis.spring.boot.verison>1.3.0</mybatis.spring.boot.verison>
</properties>

<!--子模块继承之后，提供作用：锁定版本+子module不用谢groupId和version-->
<dependencyManagement>
  <dependencies>
    <!--spring boot 2.2.2-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-boot-dependencies</artifactId>
      <version>2.2.2.RELEASE</version>
      <type>pom</type>
      <scope>import</scope>
    </dependency>
    <!--spring cloud Hoxton.SR1-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
      <version>Hoxton.SR1</version>
      <type>pom</type>
      <scope>import</scope>
    </dependency>
    <!--spring cloud alibaba 2.1.0.RELEASE-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-cloud-alibaba-dependencies</artifactId>
      <version>2.2.0.RELEASE</version>
      <type>pom</type>
      <scope>import</scope>
    </dependency>
    <!-- MySql -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>mysql</groupId>
      <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
      <version>${mysql.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <!-- Druid -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
      <artifactId>druid-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
      <version>${druid.verison}</version>
    </dependency>
    <!-- mybatis-springboot整合 -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
      <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
      <version>${mybatis.spring.boot.verison}</version>
    </dependency>
    <!--lombok-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
      <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
      <version>${lombok.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <!--junit-->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>junit</groupId>
      <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
      <version>${junit.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <!-- log4j -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>log4j</groupId>
      <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
      <version>${log4j.version}</version>
    </dependency>
  </dependencies>

3. 知识补充

  • dependenciesManagement：用来锁定子模块依赖的版本，子模块写依赖时可以省略版本号，而且此并不会引入依赖
  • Maven跳过单元测试：IDEA -> 右侧栏maven -> 圆形闪电

4. 支付模块构建

目的：用户端口为80，去引用8001端口的支付功能

4.1 微服务模块

  • （1）建module
  • （2）改POM
  • （3）写YML
  • （4）主启动
  • （5）业务类
  • 以上5步总结为：新建一个SpringBoot项目

4.2 新建module

4.3 改POM

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  <dependencies>
<!-- spring boot网络服务 -->
      <dependency>
          <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
          <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
      </dependency>
      <!--监控-->
      <dependency>
          <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
          <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
      </dependency>
<!-- mybatis与springboot整合 -->
      <dependency>
          <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
          <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
      </dependency>
<!--druid连接池-->
      <dependency>
          <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
          <artifactId>druid-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
      </dependency>
      <!--mysql-connector-java-->
      <dependency>
          <groupId>mysql</groupId>
          <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
      </dependency>
      <!--jdbc-->
      <dependency>
          <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
          <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jdbc</artifactId>
      </dependency>
<!-- 快速生成JavaBean注解 -->
      <dependency>
          <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
          <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
          <optional>true</optional>
      </dependency>
<!-- SpringBoot单元测试 -->
      <dependency>
          <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
          <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
          <scope>test</scope>
      </dependency>
  </dependencies>

4.4 写YML

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server:
  port: 8001 #端口

spring:
  application:
    name: cloud-payment-service #服务名称
  datasource:
    type: com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource
    driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver #mysql驱动
    url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/springcloud?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8&useSSL=false&serverTimezone=GMT%2B8
    username: root
    password: 123

mybatis:
  mapper-locations: classpath:mapper/*.xml #mapper文件的位置
  type-aliases-package: com.letere.springcloud.entities #所有Entity别名类所在包

4.5 创建主启动类

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@SpringBootApplication
public class PaymentMain8001 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(PaymentMain8001.class, args);
    }
}

4.6 业务类

  • （1）数据库表
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CREATE TABLE `payment` (
  `id` bigint NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `serial` varchar(200) DEFAULT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
  • （2）创建实体类
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@Data
@NoArgsConstructor
@AllArgsConstructor
public class Payment implements Serializable { //序列化：分布式部署需要
    private Long id;
    private String serial;
}
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//结果集
@Data
@NoArgsConstructor
@AllArgsConstructor
public class CommonResult<T> {
    private Integer code;
    private String message;
    private T data;

    public CommonResult(Integer code, String message) {
        this(code, message, null);
    }
}
  • （3）创建DAO接口
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@Mapper
public interface PaymentDao {
    public int create(Payment payment);

    public Payment getPaymentById(Long id);
}
  • （4）创建Mapper文件
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">

<mapper namespace="com.letere.springcloud.dao.PaymentDao">

    <resultMap id="PaymentMap" type="com.letere.springcloud.entities.Payment">
        <id column="id" property="id" jdbcType="BIGINT"/>
        <id column="serial" property="serial" jdbcType="VARCHAR"/>
    </resultMap>

    <select id="getPaymentById" parameterType="Payment" resultMap="PaymentMap"> <!--配置了别名类-->
        select *
        from `payment`
        where id = #{id}
    </select>

    <insert id="create" parameterType="Payment" useGeneratedKeys="true" keyProperty="id"> <!--插入成功返回数据-->
        insert into `payment`(serial)
        values(#{servial})
    </insert>
</mapper>
  • （5）Service层
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public interface PaymentService {
    public int create(Payment payment);

    public Payment getPaymentById(Long id);
}
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@Service
public class PaymentServiceImp implements PaymentService{
    @Resource
    private PaymentDao paymentDao;

    @Override
    public int create(Payment payment) {
        return paymentDao.create(payment);
    }

    @Override
    public Payment getPaymentById(Long id) {
        return paymentDao.getPaymentById(id);
    }
}
  • （6）Controller层
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@RestController
@Slf4j
public class PaymentController {
    @Resource
    private PaymentService paymentService;

    @PostMapping("/payment/create")
    public CommonResult create(@RequestBody Payment payment) {
        int result = paymentService.create(payment);
        log.info("****插入结果：" + result);
        if(result > 0) {
            return new CommonResult(200, "插入成功", null);
        }
        return new CommonResult(400, "插入失败", null);

    }

    @GetMapping("/payment/get/{id}")
    public CommonResult getPaymentById(@PathVariable("id") Long id) {
        Payment payment = paymentService.getPaymentById(id);
        log.info("****查询结果：" + payment);
        if(payment != null ) {
            return new CommonResult(200, "查询成功", payment);
        }
        return new CommonResult(400, "查询失败", null);
    }
}

5. 消费者模块

消费者模块 与 支付模块差不多，所以重复的地方不说了

5.1 依赖引入

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<dependencies>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
        <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
        <optional>true</optional>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
        <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>

5.2 写YML

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server:
    port: 81

5.3 实体类

  • 和 支付模块一样的两个类

5.4 注入RestTemplate

  • RestTemplate是Spring用来模拟客户端来发送请求
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@Configuration
public class ApplicationContextConfig {
    @Bean
    public RestTemplate getTemplate() {
        return new RestTemplate();
    }
}

5.5 Controller

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@RestController
@Slf4j
public class OrderController {

    private static final String PAYMENT_URL = "http://localhost:8001";

    @Autowired
    private RestTemplate restTemplate;

    @GetMapping("/consumer/payment/create")
    public CommonResult<Payment> create(Payment payment) {
        //模拟客户端发送Post请求
        return restTemplate.postForObject(PAYMENT_URL + "/payment/create", payment, CommonResult.class); //参数：1、请求地址， 2、请求参数， 3、返回结果类型
    }

    @GetMapping("/consumer/payment/get/{id}")
    public CommonResult getPayment(@PathVariable("id") Long id) {
        //模拟客户端发送Get请求
        return restTemplate.getForObject(PAYMENT_URL + "/payment/get/" + id, CommonResult.class); //参数：1、请求地址， 2、返回结果类型
    }
}

6. 工程重构

6.1 新建共用工程

  • 创建Maven项目：cloud-api-commons

6.2 修改POM

  • 引入依赖
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    <!-- SpringBoot热部署 -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
        <scope>runtime</scope>
        <optional>true</optional>
    </dependency>
    <!-- 快速创建JavaBean -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
        <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
        <scope>provided</scope>
        <optional>true</optional>
    </dependency>
    <!-- hutool工具包 -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>cn.hutool</groupId>
        <artifactId>hutool-all</artifactId>
        <version>5.3.7</version>
    </dependency>

6.3 install项目

6.4 引入依赖

  • 其他项目引入此公共项目依赖即可
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<dependency>
    <groupId>com.letere.springcloud</groupId>
    <artifactId>cloud-api-common</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</dependency>